Push notification gateway

DesignHard45 minApple and Meta style

Your task

Design a push-notification gateway that delivers to 300M devices across APNs (iOS) and FCM (Android) at a peak burst of 1M notifications/sec (e.g. a breaking-news fan-out). You must respect provider connection limits and rate limits, dedupe, handle invalid/expired device tokens, and give product teams accurate delivery feedback. What does the pipeline look like and what's the hard part?

It covers

  • Apns
  • Fcm
  • Connection multiplexing
  • Fan out