Question
Implement a token-bucket rate limiter. The bucket holds at most `capacity` tokens and refills at `refill_rate` tokens per second (fractional accrual allowed). It starts full at capacity. Process a list of request events as [timestamp, cost] pairs with non-decreasing integer timestamps. Before each request, add (timestamp - last_timestamp) * refill_rate tokens, clamped at capacity. If the bucket holds at least `cost` tokens, allow the request and subtract `cost`; otherwise deny it and leave the bucket unchanged. The first event uses the bucket's initial full state with no prior refill. Return a list of booleans: True if allowed, False if denied. capacity and refill_rate are positive numbers.
token_bucket(capacity: float, refill_rate: float, events: list[list]) → list[bool][5,1,[[0,3],[0,3],[2,2]]]out[true,false,true]State your approach and its time/space complexity out loud before you optimize. Handle the edge cases (empty input, duplicates, overflow), and say why you chose this over the brute force. Green tests are the floor, not the grade.
Vibe coding: describe the solution in plain language (or narrate it) and the coach grades your approach. Generating runnable code from your description is coming next.