Code Room
On-callHardoc-g032
Subject Gc pausesLevel Senior–Staff~40 minCommon in Reliability & on-call interviewsIndustries Technology, Software development

Question

A JVM service (G1GC, 32GB heap) develops periodic latency cliffs: every ~90 seconds, p99 jumps to 4-8s for a second or two, then recovers. GC logs show occasional 'Full GC (Allocation Failure)' events with pauses of 5+ seconds, alongside normal short young-gen pauses. Old-gen occupancy climbs steadily between Full GCs (sawtooth that doesn't fully reset). A deploy two days ago added an in-memory LRU-ish cache that holds rendered response fragments. Heap-used trend is slowly creeping up day over day. Triage and mitigate.

What a strong answer looks like

Stop the bleeding first (mitigate), then form hypotheses from real signals. Separate root cause from symptom, communicate status as you go, and close with what prevents a repeat.

Diagram & narrate the incident
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Run or narrate your approach, then ask the coach.