Content-based pub-sub broker
Design a content-based / topic pub-sub broker that supports hierarchical topics and wildcard subscriptions (e.g. sensors/+/temperature, orders/us/#) plus attribute filters (price > 100 AND region = 'eu'). Scale: 5M active subscriptions, 1M messages/sec, and a single message may match thousands of subscriptions. Matching must be fast enough not to bottleneck publish throughput, and subscriptions change frequently.
What a strong answer looks like
Clarify scale and constraints first. Propose a clean component breakdown, then go deep on the hard parts (data model, bottlenecks, consistency, failure modes) and name the trade-offs you are making.
Clarify5:00 left
Estimate5:00 planned
Design15:00 planned
Deep dive12:00 planned
Failure8:00 planned
Which questions mattered is sealed until you submit. Telling you now would just be handing over the edge cases.
Run or narrate your approach, then ask the coach.