Case interview questions.
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Your client is a regional grocer thinking about acquiring a meal-kit company. Walk me through how you'd structure your analysis.A pharma client's flagship drug is going off-patent in 18 months. What does the patent cliff strategy framework look like?A US airline has seen its profitability decline 30% over the last two years. Walk me through your initial hypotheses.Walk me through how you'd value a mid-stage SaaS company with $40M ARR growing at 80% year over year.You've done two weeks of analysis on a client's pricing strategy. The CEO wants three slides. Walk me through what's on them.A consumer-goods client's market share has plateaued. They want to grow 25% in two years. What would you analyze first?Your client is a regional hospital system thinking about launching telemedicine. Walk me through the analysis framework.A bank's mortgage origination has slowed 40% year over year. The team thinks rates are entirely to blame. What would you check?Walk me through the unit economics of a typical fast-food franchise in the US.An LBO sponsor's portfolio company is missing plan. The CEO asks for your assessment in 5 minutes. Walk me through it.Your client is a media company evaluating whether to build a streaming service. What does the case look like?An industrial client wants to enter the EV-charging market. Walk me through the analysis structure.A consumer-electronics company's flagship product is losing share to a Chinese competitor. Walk me through your investigation.Walk me through how you'd value a private equity portfolio company being prepared for a sale in 18 months.You've analyzed a client's pricing for three months. Walk me through how you'd present the recommendation to a skeptical CFO.Your retail client's e-commerce growth has stalled while competitors are growing. Walk me through the diagnostic.A regional bank's CEO wants to know whether to invest in branches or digital. Walk me through your framework.An industrial client thinks their high turnover is a wage issue. What hypotheses would you test alongside that?Walk me through how you'd estimate the addressable market for a B2B SaaS product targeting US plumbing contractors.Your engagement found that the client should exit a major business line. Walk me through how you'd deliver that finding to the board.A non-profit wants help deciding whether to expand a literacy program into three new regions. Walk me through the case.A real-estate developer wants to choose between two parcels in the same city. What's the framework?A consumer-brands client thinks rising commodity costs are eating their margin. Walk me through how you'd verify or challenge that.Walk me through valuing a private healthcare-services company growing at 25% with mid-teens EBITDA margins.You have ten minutes with the CEO to deliver findings on whether to acquire a target. The data is mixed. Walk me through the conversation.Your client is an auto OEM trying to decide how aggressively to push EVs in their portfolio. What's the case structure?A grocery chain wants to launch private-label premium products. Walk me through how you'd evaluate which categories to enter first.A logistics client's on-time-delivery rate dropped 8 points last quarter. Where do you start?Walk me through the unit economics of a typical urban gym chain location.Your team has been asked to recommend cost cuts on a 25%-margin business. The CFO wants the recommendation in one sentence. Walk me through how you'd land it.A coffee shop chain has seen foot traffic drop 15% over the past six months. Walk me through how you'd frame the problem and identify potential causes.Your client runs a tutoring business and wants to understand their profit drivers. Break down revenue and costs in a MECE way.A mobile app's user retention has fallen from 60% to 45% in three months. What are your top three hypotheses for why this happened?Estimate how many haircuts happen in your city each year. Walk me through your approach and calculation.Walk me through the unit economics of a typical food delivery order—what are the key revenue and cost components per transaction?You've spent a week analyzing why a bookstore's sales are declining. The owner has five minutes before their next meeting. What do you tell them?A local bakery wants to start selling online for home delivery. Walk me through how you'd structure your thinking about whether they should do this.A private equity firm acquired a specialty coffee chain 18 months ago. Same-store sales are down 8% despite strong category growth. The GP wants your diagnostic framework in the next partner meeting. What do you present?Your client is a national insurance carrier seeing claims costs rise 15% annually while premiums are only up 6%. Walk me through how you'd break down the problem.A B2B SaaS client's net revenue retention dropped from 115% to 98% in six months. The product team says nothing changed. What hypotheses would you test first?Estimate the total addressable market for electric vehicle charging stations along US highways over the next five years. Walk me through your approach.You've spent three weeks analyzing a retailer's omnichannel strategy. The board meeting is tomorrow and you have eight minutes. What's your story?A telecom operator wants to monetize its fiber network by selling wholesale access to competitors. Walk me through the business case framework.Your manufacturing client's largest plant has seen labor productivity decline 20% over 12 months. Turnover is at industry average. How do you structure the analysis?A fintech startup is burning $8M per month with 14 months of runway. The board wants a path to breakeven or Series C readiness. What's your framework?Walk me through the unit economics of a cloud kitchen operating in a major metropolitan area. What are the key value drivers?A biotech client has a Phase 3 trial failure. They have two earlier-stage assets and 18 months of cash. The CEO wants options by end of week. What do you analyze?Your client is a mid-market bank evaluating whether to build, buy, or partner for digital banking capabilities. How would you structure the decision framework?A consumer packaged goods brand's revenue is flat but profit is down 18%. The CFO blames commodities. What else would you investigate?Estimate the annual revenue opportunity for a new AI-powered medical imaging tool targeting US radiology practices. Walk me through your logic.You're presenting to a private equity portfolio company's board on commercial excellence. You have ten slides and fifteen minutes. What's the narrative arc?A logistics company's on-time delivery rate dropped from 94% to 87% over six months. Volume is up 12%. Walk me through your initial hypotheses.Your client operates 200 urgent care centers. They want to add behavioral health services. What does your market entry framework look like?Walk me through how you'd value a subscription box company with 80,000 active subscribers, 5% monthly churn, and $35 average order value.A hotel chain's RevPAR is down 15% year-over-year. Occupancy is flat. The GM thinks it's all market-driven. What would you check first?Your client is a commercial real estate developer considering building life sciences lab space. Walk me through the go/no-go analysis structure.An aerospace supplier's largest customer just cut forecasted orders by 35%. The executive team meets in two hours. Walk me through your initial assessment.A renewable energy developer wants to enter the residential solar market. They currently only do utility-scale projects. What's your analysis framework?Estimate the number of cybersecurity professionals a Fortune 500 bank should employ. Walk me through your assumptions and logic.Your consulting team disagrees on the root cause of a client's inventory problem. You're leading the team meeting to align. How do you structure the discussion?A gaming company's daily active users are up 20% but revenue per user is down 18%. The product lead says engagement is great. What do you investigate?The CEO of a struggling retail chain asks you to assess the business in one week. You can pick only three areas to deep-dive. Which do you choose and why?The CFO of a multi-entity manufacturer tells you the monthly close takes fifteen days and nobody trusts the numbers. You have four weeks to diagnose it. How do you structure the assessment?A distribution client grew revenue 12% but gross margin fell six points, and finance blames “mix.” Walk me through your hypotheses and how you'd test them.You're running quality-of-earnings diligence on a target whose EBITDA doubled in two years. How do you structure the work, and which adjustments do you expect to spend the most time testing?A client's supplier offers 2/10 net 30 terms, and the client's credit line costs 9%. They ask whether taking the early-payment discount is still worth it. Walk me through the math and your recommendation.Sales wants to extend standard payment terms from 30 to 90 days to win a large retail account. The CFO asks you to assess the full financial impact and make a recommendation. Walk me through it.A private-equity-owned services company wants to cut its finance function cost by 30%. Structure how you'd evaluate outsourcing transactional accounting against automating it in-house.Your client is a regional P&C carrier that writes only personal lines. They're considering entering small-business commercial insurance. Walk me through how you'd structure the analysis.A national homeowners insurer is deciding whether to stop writing business in a hurricane-exposed coastal state. How would you structure the decision?Estimate the annual premium pool for renters insurance in a US city of one million people.A commercial-lines carrier is losing small-business submissions from its independent agents to insurtech MGAs. What are your initial hypotheses, and how would you test them?A direct-to-consumer auto insurer spends $600 in marketing to acquire each new customer. Walk me through how you'd determine whether those economics work.You've spent six weeks diagnosing a specialty carrier whose combined ratio drifted from 96% to 105%. Pricing turned out to be adequate — claims leakage and expense creep are the culprits. The CEO gives you five minutes. Deliver your synthesis.A mid-size active equity manager has had net outflows for three straight years as clients shift to passive. The CEO asks you to structure an assessment of how to stabilize the business. Walk me through it.An endowment is considering moving 20% of its public equity allocation from active managers to index funds. How would you analyze the decision?A fund runs $2 billion at a 65 basis point management fee. Sketch the P&L of that fund, and estimate the AUM at which a newly launched strategy breaks even.A full-service wealth management firm is considering launching a low-cost digital advice tier. Structure the analysis of whether it feeds the advisory business or cannibalizes it.A multi-asset fund has trailed its benchmark three years running. The board wants to know whether it's bad luck, bad process, or the wrong benchmark. Structure the diagnostic.Your firm's small-cap fund has strong performance and heavy inflows. Leadership asks whether to close it to new investors. Walk me through the analysis.Your firm is evaluating the acquisition of a boutique asset manager with $8 billion in AUM. What does your due diligence framework look like, and what kills the deal?Your largest distribution platform is demanding a fee cut on your flagship fund as a condition of staying on its recommended list. Walk me through your analysis and recommendation.